Histoire de la médecine: leçons méthodologiques

idiom. Following this, Otis devotes the bulk of her study to tracing the elaboration of the organic memory theory in the novels of Emile Zola, Pio Baroja, Thomas Mann, Miguel de Unamuno, Emilia Pardo Bazan and Thomas Hardy (it is welcome to see writers in Spanish represented). These case studies are intended to demonstrate the widespread cultural diffusion of the organic memory theory, and the uses to which it was put. Otis concludes with a section on Freud and Jung, in which she demonstrates how they drew upon the organic memory theory, and were in part responsible for its continued cultural legitimacy. A few unfortunate errors creep into this section. For example, Otis states that "In 1913 he [Jung] broke not only with Freud and the Psychoanalytic Association but with Bleuler and the Burgholzli" (p. 208). However, Jung left the Burgholzli in 1909, a move which was allied with his increasing institutional affiliation with psychoanalysis. In conclusion, Otis' study represents a welcome reconstitution of hitherto neglected aspects of the scientific study of memory and its cultural diffusion at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century.